
Inconel vs Monel
Both Inconel and monel are nickel containing alloys. However, in addition to containing nickel as their primary alloyant, they also include other elements as their secondary alloyant. For instance, Monel alloys consist of copper, which ranges between 30% to 40% of their total weight. Whereas Inconel alloys contain chromium as their secondary alloyant. In terms of their performance, monel rates as a mid performance alloy in comparison to nickel containing Inconel alloy, which is a high performance type. Several Inconel alloys are also referred to as superalloys because of their outstanding resistance to corrosion in addition to their ability to outperform several conventional alloys at elevated temperatures. Monel is a solid-solution binary metal, whereas Inconel is an austenitic superalloy.
Inconel vs Monel price
In comparison to monel, the price of Inconel is very high. The inclusion of high contents of nickel and chromium in its alloy makes the metal expensive. Since both alloys contain nickel, they are much more expensive in comparison to stainless steel alloys. However, market volatility combined with the fact that nickel is a commodity metal makes them expensive. And as the content of nickel is higher in some Inconel alloys, the cost of these alloys would be higher than some monel alloys.
Nickel content in Inconel and Monel
Both types of alloys have multiple grades that fall under them. The difference in their chemical composition led to their grading. This being said, the content of nickel in Inconel alloys varies between 44.2% to more than 72%. Though the composition would depend on the addition of nickel. For instance, Inconel 600 contains more than 72% nickel, whereas grade 617 contains nickel between 44.2% – 61%. On the other hand, the content of nickel in Monel alloys ranges anywhere between 52% to 67%, which is also why they cost lesser than Inconel alloys.
Difference between Inconel and Monel corrosion resistance
While both alloys have excellent corrosion resistance properties, the copper content in monel gives them outstanding resistance to seawater or salt sprays. Though Inconel alloys also have the ability to resist seawater, it is too expensive for use in marine engineering applications. However, because it has a higher content of nickel, Inconel alloys are able to withstand elevated temperature settings, which is not a feat that is achieved by monel alloys. Monel grades have limited tolerance to elevated temperature. In addition to marine environments, monel alloys are useful in environments that contain both hydrofluoric and sulfuric acids. Furthermore, they have the capacity to resist alkalies and harsher acids as well. Inconel alloys are great at parrying corrosion by oxidation.
Inconel and Monel alloy melting point
Since Inconel and monel are alloys, they do not have a specific melting point, but a melting range. The melting range of Inconel alloys is between a temperature range of 2500 - 2600°F, whereas Monel melts between a temperature range of 2372 - 2462°F.
Inconel and Monel density
The density of Monel is valued at 8.8 gm/cm3, whereas Inconel, which is lighter than monel is valued at 8.22 g/cm3
Monel and Inconel heat treatment
Inconel is generally treated by solution annealing in combination with aging. This combination is considered ideal because the mechanical properties and stress rupture properties of the alloys see a noticeable improvement. Monel, on the other hand, undergoes heat treatment by means of annealing.
The difference between Inconel and Monel hardness
The hardness of both alloys varies in different conditions. For instance, the hardness of monel in an annealed condition is lower in comparison to either hot finished condition or in a cold drawn condition. It is the same for Inconel alloys as well. However, compared to Inconel alloys, the hardness for monel is much lower.
Inconel and Monel temperature range
Although monel alloys are functional at sub-zero temperatures, these alloys cannot be used beyond elevated temperatures of 1000° F. Similar to monel, Inconel alloys deliver a good performance at low temperatures. However, due to a higher content of nickel in their alloys, most Inconels function well at elevated temperatures that range between 1200° F to about 2200° F, which is almost twice that of monel alloys.
Inconel and Monel yield strength
The yield strength of monel is lower than Inconel alloys. For instance, the yield strength of monel 400 offset at 0.2% is about 40Ksi, while the value for Inconel 625 stands at 65Ksi.
Inconel Chemical Composition
Grade | Element (% by mass) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ni | Cr | Fe | Mo | Nb | Co | Mn | Cu | Al | Ti | Si | C | S | P | B | |
600 | 72.0 | 14.0–17.0 | 6.0–10.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | |||||||
617 | 44.2–56.0 | 20.0–24.0 | 3.0 | 8.0–10.0 | 10.0–15.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8–1.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 | |
625 | 58.0 | 20.0–23.0 | 5.0 | 8.0–10.0 | 3.15–4.15 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.015 | 0.015 | ||
690 | 59.5 | 30 | 9.2 | 0.35 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.35 | 0.019 | 0.003 | ||||||
718 | 50.0–55.0 | 17.0–21.0 | balance | 2.8–3.3 | 4.75–5.5 | 1.0 | 0.35 | 0.2–0.8 | 0.65–1.15 | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 |
X-750 | 70.0 | 14.0–17.0 | 5.0–9.0 | 0.7–1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4–1.0 | 2.25–2.75 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.01 |
Inconel Equivalent material
STANDARD | WERKSTOFF NR. | UNS | GOST | AFNOR | JIS | BS | EN | OR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inconel 600 | 2.4816 | N06600 | МНЖМц 28-2,5-1,5 | NC15FE11M | NCF 600 | NA 13 | NiCr15Fe | ЭИ868 |
Inconel 601 | 2.4851 | N06601 | XH60BT | NC23FeA | NCF 601 | NA 49 | NiCr23Fe | ЭИ868 |
Inconel 617 | 2.4663 | N06617 | ||||||
Inconel 625 | 2.4856 | N06625 | ХН75МБТЮ | NC22DNB4M | NCF 625 | NA 21 | NiCr22Mo9Nb | ЭИ602 |
Inconel 690 | 2.4642 | N06690 | ||||||
Inconel 718 | 2.4668 | N07718 | ||||||
Inconel 725 | - | N07725 | ||||||
Inconel X-750 | 2.4669 | N07750 |
Inconel mechanical properties
Density | Melting Point | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Elongation | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
600 | 8.47 g/cm3 | 1413 °C (2580 °F) | Psi – 95,000 , MPa – 655 | Psi – 45,000 , MPa – 310 | 40 % |
601 | 8.1 g/cm3 | 1411 °C (2571 °F) | Psi – 80,000 , MPa – 550 | Psi – 30,000 , MPa – 205 | 30 % |
617 | 8.3g/cm³ | 1363°C | ≥ 485 MPa | ≥ 275 MPa | 25 % |
625 | 8.4 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 135,000 , MPa – 930 | Psi – 75,000 , MPa – 517 | 42.5 % |
690 | 8.3g/cm³ | 1363°C | ≥ 485 MPa | ≥ 275 MPa | 25 % |
718 | 8.2 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 135,000 , MPa – 930 | Psi – 70,000 , MPa – 482 | 45 % |
725 | 8.31 g/cm3 | 1271°C-1343 °C | 1137 MPa | 827 MPa | 20 % |
X-750 | 8.28 g/cm3 | 1430°C | 1267 MPa | 868 MPa | 25 % |
Monel material equivalent
STANDARD | WERKSTOFF NR. | UNS | GOST | AFNOR | JIS | BS | EN |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monel 400 | 2.4360 | N04400 | МНЖМц 28-2,5-1,5 | NU-30M | NW 4400 | NA 13 | NiCu30Fe |
Monel 404 | 2.4867 | N04404 | |||||
Monel 405 | N04404 | ||||||
Monel K500 | 2.4375 | N05500 |
Monel chemical composition
Trade Name | ASTM/AISI
Alloy type |
UNS | %Cu | %Al | %Ti | %Fe | %Mn | %Si | %Ni |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monel 400 | B 127, B 164 | N04400 | 28-34 | 2.5 max | 2.0 max | 0.5 max | 63 min | ||
Monel 401 | N04401 | 28-34 | 2.5 max | 2.0 max | 63 min | ||||
Monel 404 | N04404 | Rem | 0.05 max | 0.5 max | 0.1 max | 0.1 max | 52-57 | ||
Monel K-500 | B 865 | N05500 | 27-33 | 2.3-3.15 | 0.35-0.85 | 2.0 max | 1.5 max | 0.5 max | 63 min |
Monel 405 | B 164 | N04405 | 28-34 | 2.5 max | 2.0 max | 0.5 max | 63 min |
Monel mechanical properties
Density | Melting Point | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2%Offset) | Elongation | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monel 400 | 8.8 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 80000 , MPa – 550 | Psi – 35000 , MPa – 240 | 40 % |
Monel 404 | 8.91 gm/cm3 | 1300 - 1350℃ | 70 KSI min (483 MPA min) | 25 KSI min (172 MPA min) | 35 % |
Monel 405 | 8.80 g/cm3 | 1300 - 1350°C | 550 Mpa | 240 Mpa | 40 % |
Monel K500 | 8.44 g/cm3 | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | Psi – 160000 , MPa – 1100 | Psi – 115000 , MPa – 790 | 20 % |
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